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Environmental issues play a major role in the planning, design, construction, and rehabilitation of highways. Indeed, their prominence has grown as the public has become increasingly informed on environmental issues and associated requirements. This chapter provides an overview to lend guidance in understanding environmental issues, and information to aid in the process of effectively addressing the various requirements in this area. It begins with an overall review of the numerous federal laws and regulations that must be considered. A thorough discussion is provided of the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act and the preparation of environmental impact statements. Information is presented on the important topics of storm water pollution prevention and lead-based paint removal and containment. The chapter concludes with a discussion of resource recovery and the use of waste material, including the recycling of hazardous wastes.

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This textbook covers pavement materials, analysis, design, evaluation, and economics of asphalt and portland concrete roadways. Its intended audience is engineering students at the undergraduate and junior graduate levels. In addition, practicing engineers may find it useful as a reference for practical design applications. Its structure focuses on the best established and currently applicable techniques for material characterization, analysis, and design, rather than offering a historical perspective of these techniques and the way they are applied by the multitude of jurisdictions dealing with roadway pavements. In compiling this textbook, our initial intention was to utilize metric (SI) units throughout. However, this was tempered by the number of empirical expressions still in use involving imperial units, including some adopted by the Mechanistic-Empirical design guide. In such cases, the use of dual units was unavoidable.
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Transportation systems of regional and national extent are composed of networks of interconnected facilities and services. It follows that nearly all transportation projects must be analyzed with due consideration for their position within a modal or intermodal network, and for their impacts on network performance. That is, the network context of a transportation project is usually very important. Thus, it is appropriate to begin a volume on transportation engineering with a chapter on national transportation networks. 

Given the problems of congestion in built-up urban areas, maximising the efficiency with which highways are planned, analysed, designed and maintained is of particular concern to civil engineering practitioners and theoreticians. This book is designed as an introductory text which will deliver basic information in those core areas of highway engineering of central importance to practicing highway engineers.
Highway Engineering is intended as a text for undergraduate students on degree and diploma courses in civil engineering. It does, however, touch on topics which may be of interest to surveyors and transport planners. The book does not see itself as a substitute for courses in these subject areas, rather it demonstrates their relevance to highway engineering.

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Concrete pavements have been used for highways, airports, streets, local roads, parking lots, industrial facilities, and other types of infrastructure. When properly designed and built out of durable materials, concrete pavements can provide many decades of service with little or no maintenance. “Concrete generally has a higher initial cost than asphalt but lasts longer and has lower maintenance costs”.

In some cases, however, design or construction errors or poorly selected materials have considerably reduced pavement life. It is therefore important for pavement engineers to understand materials selection, mixture proportioning, design and detailing, drainage, construction techniques, and pavement performance. It is also important to understand the theoretical framework underlying commonly used design procedures, and to know the limits of applicability of the procedures.

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In the preface to the fourth edition of this text, the late Dr. Francis McKelvey remarked that the technological and legislative developments related to the air transportation industry in the 1980s and early 1990s were of such significance that an updating of the book was needed. The fourth edition, published in 1994, enhanced previous editions, the first of which was published in 1962.

In the 16 years since this last update, it may be said that the changes to the practice of airport planning and design have been more significant than in any other era in the history of aviation. Implementation of twenty-first-century technologies has resulted in the first major overhaul to aircraft and air navigation systems in generations, computer-based analytical and design models have replaced antiquated monographs and estimation tables, and highly significant geopolitical events have all but rewritten the rules of planning, designing, and operating civil-use airports.

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